Sport Template - Marjorie Jackson-Nelson Centre for Women's Sport

Cricket

MODERN TIMES

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RECORDS. MILESTONES. MOMENTS.

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HISTORICAL TIMELINE

Pre-1900's

The first meeting of the South Australian Women’s Cricket Association was held at the YWCA in September. There were initial disagreements about what women would wear – and despite some protests from men about being ‘invaded’ by women – the association held its first season over the proceeding summer.

The Australian Women’s Cricket Council formed in 1931.

The impetus for the interest and growth in women’s cricket came predominantly from women who played hockey. Associations began to be formed around the state.
Public Opinion – The Observer: ‘I regret to notice that girls have taken to playing cricket. It is not a suitable game for girls, and it is to be hoped that parents will give their daughters no encouragement to play it. Although a women’s cricket association has been formed it is satisfactory to know that it is not officially recognised by the controllers of cricket in this State. I trust that there will be no change in the official attitude…A single blow on the body from a hard ball might easily render a girl unfit to shoulder the serious responsibilities of life’.
Despite this sentiment, SA sent its first team to the national championships in 1935, and left arm bowler Sue Summers was selected in Australia’s first tour to England in 1937. She was the first South Australian female cricketer to represent the nation.

1900's

Competition was played on old, cracked concrete pitches. The boundary was marked with small red flags, but the ground was rough and weed-riddled with long grass.

Fielding was dangerous as the ball could hit clumps of grass and fly around. Cow pats were also removed before play.

1910's

The first meeting of the South Australian Women’s Cricket Association was held at the YWCA in September. There were initial disagreements about what women would wear – and despite some protests from men about being ‘invaded’ by women – the association held its first season over the proceeding summer.

The Australian Women’s Cricket Council formed in 1931.

The impetus for the interest and growth in women’s cricket came predominantly from women who played hockey. Associations began to be formed around the state.
Public Opinion – The Observer: ‘I regret to notice that girls have taken to playing cricket. It is not a suitable game for girls, and it is to be hoped that parents will give their daughters no encouragement to play it. Although a women’s cricket association has been formed it is satisfactory to know that it is not officially recognised by the controllers of cricket in this State. I trust that there will be no change in the official attitude…A single blow on the body from a hard ball might easily render a girl unfit to shoulder the serious responsibilities of life’.
Despite this sentiment, SA sent its first team to the national championships in 1935, and left arm bowler Sue Summers was selected in Australia’s first tour to England in 1937. She was the first South Australian female cricketer to represent the nation.

1920's

Competition was played on old, cracked concrete pitches. The boundary was marked with small red flags, but the ground was rough and weed-riddled with long grass.

Fielding was dangerous as the ball could hit clumps of grass and fly around. Cow pats were also removed before play.

1930's

The first meeting of the South Australian Women’s Cricket Association was held at the YWCA in September. There were initial disagreements about what women would wear – and despite some protests from men about being ‘invaded’ by women – the association held its first season over the proceeding summer.

The Australian Women’s Cricket Council formed in 1931.

The impetus for the interest and growth in women’s cricket came predominantly from women who played hockey. Associations began to be formed around the state.
Public Opinion – The Observer: ‘I regret to notice that girls have taken to playing cricket. It is not a suitable game for girls, and it is to be hoped that parents will give their daughters no encouragement to play it. Although a women’s cricket association has been formed it is satisfactory to know that it is not officially recognised by the controllers of cricket in this State. I trust that there will be no change in the official attitude…A single blow on the body from a hard ball might easily render a girl unfit to shoulder the serious responsibilities of life’.
Despite this sentiment, SA sent its first team to the national championships in 1935, and left arm bowler Sue Summers was selected in Australia’s first tour to England in 1937. She was the first South Australian female cricketer to represent the nation.

1940's

Competition was played on old, cracked concrete pitches. The boundary was marked with small red flags, but the ground was rough and weed-riddled with long grass.

Fielding was dangerous as the ball could hit clumps of grass and fly around. Cow pats were also removed before play.

1950's

Thanks largely to the industrious and entrepreneurial work of May Mills and other progressive women, games started on the turf pitches of the Women’s Memorial Playing Fields.

Adelaide University and Teachers College were important acquisitions for the competition as they both provided turf grounds.
Mavis Burke and Lorna Easter were members of the first official SA state team in 1934 season and played until 1952: a remarkable 18-year span
Despite cricket’s progress, skills were “quite elementary, if that”.
On interstate trips, state players sat up on overnight trains, reducing their personal costs.
Game development was fragmented due largely to society’s expectations that once married, women would stop work and sport. Careers generally lasted just 5 years.
Cricket was heavily impacted because games took 5-6 hours, a long time for women to be away from their domestic responsibilities.
The International Women’s Cricket Council was established in 1958.

1960's

Saturday morning schoolgirls competitions began courtesy of enthusiastic PE teachers and supportive fathers.
Through the 60s and 70s, several prominent players emerged who played both cricket and hockey at State level: Val Nairn, Jill Need (who also played cricket for Australia), Vicki Freer and Marj Wincup.
In 1979-80, Jill Need would go on to coach SA to their first Australian Women’s Cricket Championship in almost 30 years.

1970's

Early signs of commercial investment in women’s sport emerged, thanks largely to the efforts and motivation of one of SA’s and Australia’s leading administrators/coaches/PE teacher and advocates for the women’s game, Chris Garwood.
Coaching clinics were hosted at the Parks Community Centre with skills coach, John Halbert, and Australian Test umpire Tony Crafter.

1980's

The Coop Coaching Clinics identified players including wicket keeper Tunde Juhasz (3 Tests), Andrea McAuley (One Test, SA captain and later head coach), Leanne Hunter (Two Tests & 24 One Day Internationals 1985-1996.)
Leadership also came from SA Senator, Rosemary Crowley, and Federal politician Sue Lenehan, who helped set up the Women’s Sport Promotion Unit, elevating the visibility of girls playing sport.
The Australian Women’s Cricket Council became Women’s Cricket Australia. Belinda Clarke who helped develop nation-wide programs for girls was appointed CEO.
In SA, a group of athletic, confident young women was coming through the PE Teachers College system – featuring Jenny Williams, Jill Kennare, Wendy Piltz, and Lyn Fullston – strengthening SA’s competition.
The 1982 World Cup team had three SA reps: Fullston, Kennare, and Jenny Jacobs.
Major corporations – Shell and the Commonwealth Bank – funded major national competitions and coaching clinics.
Denis Brien, a teacher/school counsellor/club cricketer was appointed SA coach prior to the 1987-88 season, after Jill Kennare insisted he apply for the position.
Denis Brien focussed on improving the players’ technical skills and helped make rapid progress.
He set out new regimes for skills coaching and through his SACA contacts, gained access to train on turf wickets for net practice, and including West Torrens which had never been accessible to female players prior to this.
He also gained access to conditioning programs through the SASI facility.
Denis Brien opened the way forward for women cricketers. In his personable but unswerving manner, he demonstrated to the unprogressive elements in cricket that women were highly skilled and capable if given the support and opportunity.
In addition, the Sex Discrimination Act was passed which offered women greater support and opportunity in workplaces largely

1990's

Even in the 1990s, some female players were still being harassed when playing cricket.
With more professional training – even compared with the men’s State team – access to modern and appropriate facilities, and improved coaching direction, the players’ skills improved.
Andrea McCauley took over the captaincy and with Denis Brien as coach, the team formed a united, professional outfit.
Players – McCauley, Joanne Broadbent, Leanne Hunter, Tunde Juhasz, Isobelle Tsakiris, Caroline Ward and Alysson Kennelly and Melissa Cann (Caffrey) all were national squad or national team players during the 90s. One youngster, Karen Rolton, was just emerging
SA established itself as a national powerhouse – winning three national championships in four years from 1990 to 1995 – establishing what is now known as “The Golden Era”.
The team rose to be the most successful cricket team SA has produced, men or women.
With Brien coaching and Andrea McCauley captaining on-field and leading off-field, SA was a potent force nationally.
This team, under this leadership, was inducted into the SA Sports Hall of Fame in 2025.
Brien describes McCauley this way, “The key to the success was undoubtedly the astute leadership of Andrea McCauley. I rank her alongside Ian Chappell, Darren Lehmann and David Hookes as the best captains I’ve been associated with.”
She is a self-employed mortgage broker and holds a diploma in Financial Services (Finance/Broking Management). She was the first female Head Coach of the SACA Female High Performance program and the inaugural Coach of the WBBL Adelaide Strikers. She was appointed to the SACA Board in 2019.
In 1996, the Australian championships were replaced by the Women’s National Cricket League – seven states plus ACT.
SA becomes the Scorpions, based around the SA men’s team, Redbacks. The Women’s National Cricket League (WNCL) and Women’s Big Bash League (WBBL) were established.

2000's

The ACB and Women’s Cricket Australia merged. By 2005-06 all States have merged: SACA absorbed the SA Women’s Cricket Association.
The ACB and Women’s Cricket Australia merged. By 2005-06 all States have merged: SACA absorbed the SA Women’s Cricket Association.
Outstanding players Karen Rolton and Emma Sampson helped lead the Port Adelaide Club to multiple premierships early in the 21st Century.
In the early 2000s Port Adelaide won six of the first seven A Grade Premierships of the century, missing only in 2004-05. Two years prior, Port became the first club in the competition’s history to win all three grades (A & B grades plus T20) in one season.
Through the early 2000s, Karen Rolton and a country kid, Shelley Nitschke, came to the fore in SA, both ultimately played for Australia.

2010's

In 2014-15, Andrea McCauley is appointed full-time coach, becoming national champions in 2015 with Lauren Ebsury as captain.
Through those years, Tahlia McGrath, Amanda Jade Wellington, Megan Schutt, Tegan McPharlin, and Bridgette Patterson developed into outstanding players. Shelley Nitschke was assistant coach.
In the six years to 2019, McCauley oversaw the appointment to the women’s program of a full-time assistant coach, full-time physiotherapist, full-time strength and conditioning coach, full time player development officer and full-time operations manager.
“It took a lot of fighting” … says McCauley. But SACA CEO Keith Bradshaw was also supportive of the changes. Equally, Cricket Australia began to focus on greater promotion of women.

2020's

In 2023 the Scorpions are said to have the best high-performance program in Australia. Pathway systems are healthy from U16s to U19s state teams.
With Luke Williams as head coach and Tahlia McGrath as captain, the Strikers win the 2023 WBBL title, having been runner up in 2022.
Katie Mack led the run scorers for SA in 2023, averaging 32 per game.
The SACA has four females of its 11 members on the SACA Board. “There’s been a massive culture change, observed McCauley.
South Australian cricketers Darcie Brown and Amanda Jade Wellington have featured in the national team during the 2010s and 2020s.

Footnotes:

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